PolygonalModeling

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Polygonal Modeling
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Table of Contents
Introduction to polygons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Polygon modeling overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Polygon normals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Two-manifold vs. non-manifold polygonal geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Planar and non-planar polygons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Polygon component display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Polygon modeling features on marking menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Polygon selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Select polygon components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Select an edge ring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Select an edge loop. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Edge ring and edge loop selection tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Select border edges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Select a path of edges between two vertices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Select components based on criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Change vertex selection using pick walk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Change edge loop selection using pick walk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Polygon creation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Create polygon primitives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Create polygon primitives interactively. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Create polygon primitives using the Create menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Create polygon primitives using the Shelf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Create a polygon mesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Add polygons to an existing mesh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Create a polygon face with a hole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Extrude a polygon face, edge, or vertex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Extrude polygons in an arc or wedge shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Create symmetrical polygon meshes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Duplicate polygon faces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Polygon conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Polygonal Modeling
3
1 Polygons overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
About
2 Polygon selection and creation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
How do I?
Table of Contents
Convert NURBS surfaces to a polygon mesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Convert polygon faces to triangles or quadrangles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Convert polygonal surfaces to subdivision surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Convert textures to a polygon mesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Polygon modeling preferences and tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Polygon modeling preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Display the polygon count in the scene view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
3 Combining, separating, and splitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
How do I?
Merge polygons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Merge boundary edges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Merge vertices, edges, or faces into one vertex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Bridge between border edges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Combine and separate polygon meshes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Combine polygon meshes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Combine polygon meshes using booleans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Edit the original objects after a boolean operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Separate polygon shells into separate meshes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Extract faces from a mesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Split polygon components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Split shared vertices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Split polygon faces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Split multiple polygon faces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Split a face so that a vertex is added at its center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Insert an edge loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Create edge loops that are offset from an edge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Divide polygon components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Divide faces into triangles or quadrangles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Subdivide faces by painting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Divide polygon edges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
4 Editing polygons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97
How do I?
Modifying polygon meshes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Polygonal Modeling
4
Table of Contents
Bevel polygon edges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Crease polygonal edges and vertices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Chamfer a vertex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Deform a polygonal mesh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Make a hole in a polygon face . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Fill holes in a polygon mesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Flip triangle edges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Transfer vertex attributes: identical topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Transfer vertex attributes: different topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Moving polygon components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Move, rotate, or scale polygon components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Move polygon vertices along their normals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Slide polygon edges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Smoothing polygon meshes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Preview a smoothed polygonal mesh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Work with polygon meshes using Subdiv Proxy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Smooth polygon meshes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Editing polygon normals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Edit the vertex normals to affect polygon shading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Reverse polygon normals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Deleting and simplifying polygons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Delete polygon vertices and edges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Clean up, simplify, or validate meshes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Reduce the number of faces in a mesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
5 Sculpting surface meshes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133
About
Sculpt Geometry Tool overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
The Sculpt Geometry Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
How do I?
Using the Sculpt Geometry Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Sculpt a NURBS or polygon surface mesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Sculpt a subdivision surface mesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Smooth a surface mesh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Relax a surface mesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Polygonal Modeling
5
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